1. Chinese common name: permethrin

2. Chinese alias: permethrin, permethrin, vermin

3. English common name: permethrin

4. English aliases: Ambush, Pounce, Talcord

5. Molecular formula: C21H20Cl2O3

6. Pesticide category: pesticides

7. CA registration number: 52645-53-1

8. Chemical classification: Pyrethroids

9. Mode of action: contact killing, stomach poisoning

10. Chemical name: (3-phenoxybenzyl) methyl cis, trans (±)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

11. Analysis method: gas spectrometry (technical drug GB9566-88); gas spectrometry (CIPAC Manual, 1985, 1C, 2172); FAO-1991 (331/S/TC, DP, WP, EC)

12. Matters needing attention: [1] Do not mix with alkaline pesticides. [2] It is highly toxic to fish and shrimp, bees, silkworms, etc. Do not use it near fish ponds, bee farms, and mulberry gardens.

13. Physical and chemical properties: The original drug is a yellow to brown liquid, sometimes it tends to crystallize at room temperature, the melting point is 34-35 °C, the cis isomer is 63-65 °C, the trans isomer is 44-47 °C, and the boiling point is 200 °C/ 0.1mmHg, >290℃/760mmHg, vapor pressure 0.045mPa(25℃), cis 0.0025mPa, trans 0.0015mPa(20℃), density 1.19－1.27(20℃), KowlogP=6.1(20℃), solubility Water about 0.2mg/L (20°C), xylene, hexane>1000, methanol 258 (g/kg, 25°C), thermally stable (stored at 50°C for 2 years), acid medium is more stable than alkaline medium, The optimum stable condition is about pH4.

14. Toxicity

14.1. Symptoms of poisoning: It is a nerve agent, and the skin feels tingling at the contact site, especially around the mouth and nose but there is no erythema. Rarely cause systemic poisoning. High exposure can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, shaking hands, convulsions or convulsions, coma, and shock.

14.2. First aid treatment: [1] There is no special antidote, but symptomatic treatment is available. [2] Gastric lavage may be used when swallowed in large quantities. [3] Do not induce vomiting.

14.3. Precautions: [1] Do not mix with alkaline pesticides. [2] It is highly toxic to fish and shrimp, bees, silkworms, etc. Do not use it near fish ponds, bee farms, and mulberry gardens.

14.4. Allowable daily intake: 0.05mg/kg bw

14.5. Acute oral LD50: 430~4000mg/kg

14.6. Acute transdermal LD50: >4000mg/kg

14.7. Toxicity in China: low toxicity

14.8. Foreign toxicity: (Moderately hazardous, moderate hazard) LD50 rat (mg/kgbw) oral solid (50~500) liquid (200~2000), transdermal solid (100~1000) liquid (400~4000)

15. Action characteristics: It is a pyrethroid insecticide without a cyano structure. It has the general characteristics of pyrethroid pesticides, such as contact and stomach poisoning, no systemic fumigation, and wide insecticidal spectrum. It is easy to decompose and fail in alkaline medium and soil. In addition, compared with pyrethroid containing cyano structure, it has lower toxicity to higher animals, less irritation, faster knockdown, and pest resistance under the same conditions of use. Development is relatively slow. Permethrin has relatively low insecticidal activity, relatively high dosage per unit area, and is easily decomposed under sunlight. It can be used to control various pests on cotton, vegetables, tea, and fruit trees, and is especially suitable for the control of sanitary pests.

16. Environment

16.1. Aquatic organisms: LC50 (ug/L) rainbow trout 2.5 (96 hours), 5.4 (48 hours), bluegill sunfish 1.8 (48 hours)

16.2. Bees: poison, LD50 (24 hours μg/bee), 0.098 (oral), 0.029 (topical)

16.3. Natural enemies: oral LD50 (mg/kg cis-trans ratio is 4:6), chicken>3000, Japanese quail>13500

16.4. Soil and water conservation: rapid degradation in water and soil, half-life in soil > 38 days (pH 4.2-7.7, organic matter 1.3-51.3%)